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Project 4

A Time-Course Analysis (The Timings of the Words Produced) and Quartile Distribution Analysis were conducted for the bilingual Polish-English group.

ACTIONS – A Time-Course Analysis

Verbal fluency data were recorded digitally in a media booth and processed using Audacity software. Based on the marked timestamp of every response produced with the accuracy of 1 millisecond, the responses were divided into twelve 5-sec bins for every participant and their 1-minute verbal fluency performance. The responses were then assigned a serial number stating the position of the word produced in the trial (e.g. if the first word produced was dog, it was assigned number 1, etc. ); a latency which comprised a time interval from the start of the task until the onset of the verbal response (i.e., word cat produced 23.34 seconds from the start, word cow produced 45.34 seconds from the onset) and bin number indicative of the 5-sec bin to which the response was assigned.

For each task, two scores were calculated for each participant for the latency: (1) first-response latency – the time interval from the onset of a trial until the onset of the first response, and (2) subsequent-response latency which is the mean value of time intervals between the first response and each subsequent response. For each participant, the mean first-response latency was averaged across all letter trials (P, K, W for Polish and A, F, S for English) and across semantic trials (animals and things to eat) in order to provide an overall mean score for each task in each language. Additionally, the mean scores of the total number of correct responses for both letter and semantic fluency were computed separately, and these three means comprised the basis of the further time-course analysis.

            The summary of mean latencies and standard deviations is presented below.

ACTIONS – Qartile Distribution Analysis

Further analysis was conducted to investigate the differences between the number of words produced in the quartiles. The number of words in each quartile was averaged across all three letter conditions and two semantic conditions for each bilingual participant separately for Polish and English. This was then averaged across participants.

The means were further divided into four quartiles with words produced in the first quartile (from 0 to 15 seconds), the second quartile (from 16 secs to 30), the third (30 to 45 secs) and the fourth quartile (45 to 60).

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